新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间医护人员的心理健康状况调查及分析

Mental health status of medical staff during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019

目的:分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间医护人员的心理状况并探讨其影响因素。方法:纳入湖北省内外定点医院普通医护人员(非接诊发热患者)及一线医护人员共385例,采用自拟一般情况考察表和90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)开展微信问卷调查。结果:统计学分析显示,研究对象的躯体化强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性因子得分与全国常模相比均有显著性差异(P<0.01),敌对性症状得分也有显著性差异(P<0.05)。一线医护人员与普通医护人员之间的心理健康状况无统计学差异。SCL-90阳性症状的检出率为12.21%。轮休制度、父母受照顾情况与未成年子女数是心理健康的主要影响因素。讨论:COVID-19流行期间,一线医护人员和普通医护人员的心理健康状况都受到影响,对医护人员的工作安排、家庭安顿及完善的心理健康干预是有必要的。

Objective:To analyze the mental health conditions of Chinese medical staff during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and its influencing factors.Methods:From January to March of year 2020,385 questionnaires were collected from the designated hospitals,including common(not in frontline)medical staff from hospitals in epidemic area and anti-COVID-19 frontline medical staff.Results:Data analysis reveals that the differences in the scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,fear,and psychosis(P<0.01)between the questionnaires and the national norm were significant.There was no statistical difference between the mental health status of frontline medical staff and non-frontline medical staff.About the positive symptoms,the relevance ratio of SCL-90 was 12.21%.Sufficient rest,family care conditions and the number of minor children are the main factors affecting mental health.Conclusion:The epidemic had impact on mental health of medical staff,whether or not in the frontline for COVID-19,and appropriate work arrangements,family care and the mental health intervention are necessary.