公用事业合作行政法:基本构造、实践检视、学理重构

Cooperative Administrative Law On Public Utility:Basic Structure,Practical Review and Theoretical Reconstruction

公用事业民营化实际上是公权力和私权利在行政给付领域的创造性互动,故公用事业法制体系包括规制法和合作法两个面相。单纯以宣示性条款引导政府与市场主体的合意,无法满足公用事业合作行政的法制需求,应科以两者必要的权利义务以形塑行政合作法律关系。作为给付对象的公众具有公用事业合作行政的主体地位,故需设定有别于一般公众参与的制度规则。在公用事业法制实践中,政府合作义务与市场主体合作权利存在被弱化和制约的现状,而公众参与的设定虽有对给付对象之主体地位的关照,但欠缺实质性参与的保障机制。有鉴于此,公用事业法制实践的合作法面相亟待修正与完善。

The privatization of public utilities is actually a creative interaction between public power and private rights in the field of administrative supply,so the legal system of public utilities includes two aspects:regulatory law and cooperation law.Simply using oath based clauses to guide the agreement between the government and market entities cannot meet the legal needs of public utility cooperative administration.Therefore,the necessary rights and obligations of both parties should be established to shape the legal relationship of administrative cooperation.As the beneficiaries,the public has the main status of public utility cooperation administration,so it is necessary to establish a rights protection mechanism that is different from the general public's participation.In the legal practice of public utilities,the obligation of government cooperation and the right of market entities to cooperate are weakened or restricted.Although the establishment of public participation takes into account the subject status of the beneficiaries,it lacks a substantive participation guarantee mechanism.In view of this,the cooperative legal aspect of public utility legal practice urgently needs to be revised and improved.