欧盟数据跨境流动监管立法的市场规制转向及对中国的启示

Strengthened Market Regulation of EU in Legislation for Cross-Border Data Flow and Implications for China

在国际法的视域下,对数字服务贸易的规制场域包括双、多边贸易和区域合作机制。欧盟近年在数字治理领域频频发力,内部新立法引发探讨。重视数据跨境自由流动的同时,欧盟在个人数据隐私与数据安全方面保持高标准;出于推动本土产业发展、为欧盟内部的中小型数字企业赢得发展空间,维护数据市场有序竞争的双重考虑,欧盟近年来对来自外部市场的平台企业监管趋于严格,市场规制举措明显加强。欧盟数字立法中的强监管模式可为我国构建中国特色的数据流动监管规则体系提供借鉴。

From the perspective of international law,digital service trade is regulated in arenas include bilateral,multilateral and regional cooperative mechanisms.EU has been one of the big players in data governance in recent years,with its new legislation drawing attentions and concerns as well.While cherish the essential value of the free flow of cross-border data,EU maintains high standards in protecting personal privacy and data security.Meanwhile,EU regulates platform enterprises from outside markets with strict rules.It has two major purposes in this endeavor:promoting regional digital industry through sharpening the competitive edge of local mid-small digital enterprises,while maintaining a healthy and competitive order of the market.In this respect,the EU mode of stringent supervision in rule-making for data regulation can provide us some thoughts for upgrading the data regulation system with Chinese characteristics.