养老小镇知识产权的法律界定与保护路径研究

Study of the Legal Definition and Protection Approach of the Intellectual Property in Elderly Care Towns

养老小镇是以养老为主题的特色小镇,其知识产权保护与其他特色小镇的知识产权保护大体一致,但也有其特殊性。在特色小镇知识产权保护体系的类型划分中,属于非以知识产权为主题的特色小镇知识产权保护范畴,其核心点及主题特色在于养老而非知识产权,知识产权保护应当围绕养老这个主题展开。知识产权本身就存在着私域的产权与公域的知识之间的博弈,而养老所涉及的老年人权益特别保护的需要使得其公共色彩更加浓郁,出现了私权与社会权的叠加与交错,从而在法律适用上强化了这一冲突和博弈,需要从法律调整本身进行厘清和界定,借助特别法与一般法等效力处理规则确立相应的解决机制,实行有限度的倾斜保护原则,坚持老年人权益保护等社会权的适用须以承认并保护私权属性的知识产权为前提,处理好权利的重叠与冲突。同时,立法完善相关法律制度,增强执法保护力度,提高司法保护能力,建立综合协调机制,确保养老小镇知识产权保护与老年人权益保障的有机结合,更好地服务于养老小镇知识产权保护工作。

An elderly care town is a featured town with the theme of eldercare.Its intellectual property protection is generally similar to that of other featured towns,but it also has its own particularities.In the classification of the intellectual property protection system in the featured towns,this belongs to the category of non-IP themed featured town intellectual property protection.The core point and thematic feature lie in eldercare rather than intellectual property,and intellectual property protection should revolve around the theme of eldercare.Intellectual property rights inherently involve a game between private property rights and public knowledge,while the special protection needs for the elderly involved in eldercare make its public nature more prominent.This results in the overlap and interweaving of private and social rights,which reinforces the conflict and game in legal application.Thus,it is necessary to clarify and define this through legal adjustment itself,establish corresponding resolution mechanisms by applying the rules of special laws and general laws,adopt a limited tilt protection principle,and adhere to the premise of recognizing and protecting the private property attributes of intellectual property when applying.This is to handle the overlap and conflict of rights effectively.Meanwhile,legislation should improve relevant legal systems,enhance law enforcement protection,increase judicial protection capabilities,establish comprehensive coordination mechanisms,ensure the organic integration of intellectual property protection and elderly rights protection in eldercare towns,and better serve intellectual property protection in eldercare towns.