影响性刑事案件推动制度变革的现实样态及启示——以2005年至2021年236个影响性刑事案件为研究范本

The Reality and Enlightenment of Influential Criminal Cases Promoting Institutional Reforms——Taking 236 Influential Criminal Cases from 2005 to 2021 as Examples

通过影响性刑事个案推进司法制度、民生制度以及其他制度的变革,其积极意义值得肯定。但在制度变革的过程中,公众对司法职能定位上的认识失当使其对司法解决社会问题赋予了过多的期待,而司法迫于舆论压力屈从于民意所导致的民意与刑事司法的反复则在一定程度上削弱了司法公信力。个案中部分权利诉求虽然最终得到了制度层面的回应,但背后却伴随着相关主体以生命、自由、财产等所付出的惨痛代价。个案背后的权利诉求较为及时、有力地推进了部分制度变革,但亦存在部分制度变革的进程相对较为缓慢的情况。应及时关注社会矛盾的变化、发展方向,提前、主动推进相关制度变革,优化推进制度变革的进程,培育理性民意,以最小成本推进更大范围的制度变革。

To promote the reform of the judicial system,people's livelihood system and other systems through influential criminal cases,its positive significance is worthy of recognition.However,in the process of institutional reform,the public's improper understanding of the judicial function makes them expect too much for the judicial solution of social problems,and the recurrence between popular will and criminal justice caused by the force of public opinion weaken the judicial credibility to a certain extent.Although some right claims of the cases have finally received responses from the institutional level,they are accompanied by the painful price paid by the relevant subjects for their life,freedom and property.Part of the institutional responses to right claims are relatively timely and effectively,but there are some relatively slow process of institutional reforms.We should pay attention to the changes of social contradictions and the development direction in a timely manner,actively promote the relevant institutional reform in advance,optimize and promote the process of institutional reform,cultivate rational public opinion in order to promote the larger scope of institutional reform with the minimum cost.