政府信息公开不当申请规制研究——兼论《政府信息公开条例》第35条的适用

Power Allocation in Regulation of Improper Application for Disclosure of Government Information——Also on the Application of Article 35 of the Regulations on Disclosure of Government Information

2019年修订的《政府信息公开条例》第35条对申请人权利不当行使作出了规制,对于其中“明显超出合理范围”的标准应当由行政机关依据实际情况制定,就目前而言,定性的标准更为切合实际。基于行政机关在政府信息公开制度中的主体地位,该条款应当由行政机关在行政程序中优先适用,且有严格的程序性标准,以履行法定职能为前提。法院在诉讼中应当采取中立审查的模式,采用判决而非裁定的方式裁判此类案件,且应审慎启动依职权调取证据程序。

Article 35 of the Regulations on the Disclosure of Government Information,which was revised in 2019,regulates the improper exercise of the applicant’s rights,and the standard of“obviously beyond the reasonable range”should be formulated by the administrative organ according to the actual situation.At present,the qualitative standard is more practical.Based on the principal position of administrative organs in the system of government information disclosure,this clause should be applied preferentially by administrative organs in administrative procedures,with strict procedural standards and on the premise of performing statutory functions.The court should adopt the mode of neutral review in litigation,adjudicate such cases by judgment rather than ruling,and perform prudently in obtaining evidence ex officio.