文学批评与名誉权保护——以“马桥事件”为中心

Literary Criticism and Protection of Reputation Right——Centered on “Maqiao Incident”

“马桥事件”是1990年代众多“文坛官司”的典型案例之一,引起社会广泛关注。法律从维护公民名誉权出发介入文学批评活动,未考虑到文学生态对法律的认同度。在关于“马桥事件”的审理中,法院未能很好地处理文学与法律的关系,没有起到示范的作用,对文学批评活动产生消极影响,不利于法律权威的确立。因此法律介入文学批评活动时应充分考量文学活动的独特性,区分陈述事实与表达意见之间的区别,避免文学批评动辄得咎,从而确保法律的权威性,维护文学批评环境。

“Maqiao Incident”is one of the typical cases of“literary litigation”in the 1990 s,which has aroused widespread concern in the society.Law intervenes in literary criticism from the perspective of protecting the right of reputation of citizens,but it does not take into account the recognition degree of literary ecology to law.In the trial of“Maqiao Incident”,the court failed to deal with the relationship between literature and law well,and did not play an exemplary role.It has a negative impact on literary criticism and is not conducive to the establishment of legal authority.Therefore,legal intervention in literary criticism should fully consider the uniqueness of literary activities,distinguish the difference between stating facts and expressing opinions,avoid being guilty of literary criticism,ensure the authority of law,and maintain the environment of literary criticism.