论涉外法律适用的风险防控

On the Risk Prevention and Control of Conflict Laws

法律适用是一种选择法律的行为。无论是按照规则选择的理论,还是依据结果选择的思想,法律适用的最终目的就是为当事人之间的国际民商事法律关系谋求一种能得以确定其相关权利、义务的法律依据。风险作为一种可能但并没有现时发生的损失状态,滋生于现时对未来的不确定之中。涉外法律适用的风险是由法律的选择产生的,从风险的产生到成就,再到实际损失的产生,是"法律适用——诉讼程序——实体结果"的过程。但风险的成就并不代表实际损失,最终的实际损失还需要实体权利义务的确定而得以衡量。目前国际私法迎来新的挑战与使命,不仅要有效解决涉外民商事纠纷,还要为我国争取国际话语权及维护国际民商事秩序。寄希望于通过论证法律适用的风险及其防控,为促进涉外民商事纠纷合理解决提供思路,保障我国当事人在涉外民商事交往的合法利益,提升我国涉外民事司法形象。

The application of law is an act of choosing law.The ultimate purpose of the application of law is to seek a legal basis for the international civil and commercial legal relations between the parties to determine their relevant rights and obligations.As a possible but not present loss state,risk arises from uncertainty of the future.The risk of foreign legal application is generated by the choice of law.It is a process of"legal application-litigation procedure-entity result"from the generation of risk to achievement and then to the generation of actual loss.However,the achievement of risk does not mean the actual loss.The final actual loss needs to be measured by the determination of the entity’s rights and obligations.At present,private international law is facing new challenges and missions.It is not only necessary to effectively solve foreign civil and commercial disputes,but also to strive for international discourse power and maintain international civil and commercial order for China.It is hoped that by demonstrating the risk of legal application and its prevention and control,it will provide ideas for promoting the reasonable settlement of foreignrelated civil and commercial disputes,protect the legitimate interests of Chinese parties in foreign-related civil and commercial exchanges,and enhance the image of foreign-related civil justice in China.