央地关系视域下的中国自贸区制度法治化建设:困境、障碍和完善进路

Construction of China’s Free Trade Zone System under the Perspective of the Central-local Government Relationship: Difficulties,Obstacles and Improvement Approaches

自贸区制度法治化进程是一个复杂和充满变量的过程,面临各方面、各层级的困难和障碍,央地关系是其中一个关键并且不可回避的话题。央地涉自贸区法律事权不明晰、法律适用关系复杂以及自贸区法律规范的地位和性质不明是自贸区制度法治化建设的难点,难以依靠单一手段在短时间内得以解决。而地方涉自贸区法律事权有限、央地行政权力分配机制模糊以及纵横向管理体制交叉等问题又是后续深化自贸区制度法治化建设需要突破的事项。据此,以央地协同和地际竞争思维引导自贸区制度法治化建设来消解央地关系负面效应有助于明确央地涉自贸区事权、促进自贸区实质化改革措施深化以及建立一个稳定高效的自贸区法律制度体系,并推动自贸区管理体制的市场化改革。

The legalization of free trade zone(FTZ)system is a complex and variable process,which might face thousands of difficulties and obstacles.The central-and-local government relationship is one of the key and unavoidable topics.The difficulties,such as the unclear legal authority of the central government and the local government,the complicated legal application relationship and the unclear status and nature of the legal norms of the FTZ,can not be solved in a short period of time and by a single means.However,the limitation of local legal power,the unclear central and local administrative power distribution mechanism and the cross of vertical and horizontal management systems are the problems that need to be broken through in the future.Therefore,in order to eliminate the negative effects and improve the reform of FTA,it is beneficial to establish a stable and efficient legal system and promote the market-oriented management mechanism of FTA on the basis of central local coordination and inter regional competition.