湖北省弱筋小麦适宜播种量研究——以鄂麦580为例

Study on the suitable sowing rate of weak gluten wheat in Hubei province:Taking Emai-580 as an example

通过研究不同播种量对弱筋小麦鄂麦580分蘖动态、产量及品质的影响,明确湖北省弱筋小麦的适宜播种量范围,以期为该区小麦丰产优质栽培技术提供理论基础。于2018—2020年连续2年在湖北省9个小麦主产县市(区)开展小麦播种量试验,其中6个试验点为稻茬小麦,3个试验点为旱茬小麦。试验设置75、150、225、300、375 kg/hm^(2)5个播种量处理。结果表明,小麦基本苗数、冬至苗数、最高苗数、有效穗数随播种量增加而增加,成穗率随播种量增加呈下降趋势。综合考虑小麦产量和子粒品质,湖北省弱筋小麦旱茬小麦适宜播种量在150 kg/hm^(2)左右,稻茬小麦适宜播种量在150~225 kg/hm^(2),湖北省生产弱筋小麦更推荐在稻茬麦田种植。

By studying the effects of different sowing rates on the tiller dynamics,yield and quality of weak gluten wheat Emai-580,the appropriate sowing range of weak gluten wheat in Hubei province was clarified,in order to provide a theoretical basis for highyield and high-quality wheat cultivation techniques in this area. The wheat sowing test was carried out in 9 main wheat-producing counties(districts)in Hubei province for two consecutive years from 2018 to 2020,of which 6 test sites were rice stubble wheat and 3 test sites were dry wheat. The experiment set 75,150,225,300 kg/hm^(2)and 375 kg/hm^(2)sowing treatments. The results showed that wheat basic seedlings,winter solstice seedlings,highest seedlings and effective ears increased with the increase in sowing amount,and the ear formation rate showed a downward trend with the increase in sowing amount. Comprehensive consideration of wheat yield and grain quality,the suitable sowing rate of weak-gluten wheat in Hubei province is about 150 kg/hm^(2)in dry stubble,and the suitable sowing rate of wheat in rice stubble is between 150 kg/hm^(2)and 225 kg/hm^(2). The production of weak gluten wheat in Hubei province is more recommended for planting in rice stubble wheat fields.