不同硼肥基施方式对水稻生长发育与产量的影响

Effect of different boron fertilizer basal application on growth and yield of rice

为探索基施硼肥对硼元素缺乏区水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生长发育、产量产值及养分吸收的影响,明确缺硼区域水稻硼肥最佳施用量,特在宜城市小河镇进行硼肥基施试验。结果表明,在土壤有效硼缺乏地区,基施硼肥对水稻增产效果显著,本试验条件下,纯硼投入量控制在1000 g/hm2时,增产效果最佳;施用硼肥能一定程度上促进水稻分蘖,增加有效穗,提高叶片光合作用能力,改善稻米研磨品质与营养品质;硼与氮、磷等元素存在一定互作关系,植物需硼的临界范围较窄,需要进一步细化设置浓度梯度验证最适硼含量。

In order to explore the effects of basal application of boron fertilizer on the growth and development,output value and nutrient absorption of rice in boron-deficient areas,and to determine the optimal application amount of boron fertilizer for rice in boron deficient area,a trace element boron test was carried out in Xiaohe town,Yicheng city.The results show that in areas lacking available boron in the soil,the application of boron fertilizer has a significant effect on increasing rice yield.Under the experimental conditions,when the pure boron input is controlled at 1000 g/hm2,the effect of increasing yield is the best;Basal application of boron fertilizer can promote rice tillering to a certain extent,increase effective panicles,improve leaf photosynthesis capacity,and improve rice grinding quality and nutritional quality;There is a certain interaction between boron and nitrogen,phosphorus and other elements.The critical range of boron required by plants is narrow,so it is necessary to further refine the concentration gradient to verify the optimal boron content.