2019—2020年湖北省小麦发育期气象条件分析

Meteorological condition analysis of wheat’s development stage in Hubei province of 2019 to 2020

根据湖北省76个国家气象站观测资料,分析了2019—2020年湖北省小麦生长季光、温、水气候特征,结合各发育期对气象条件的生理需求,评估了2019—2020年湖北省小麦生长季内气候条件对其生长发育的影响,并与2018—2019年同期气象条件进行了对比分析。结果表明,2019—2020年小麦产区大部分时段光温条件好,但冬季降水量显著偏多,冬季早春暖湿气候特征明显,生育期提前,条锈病发生重,后期光温水匹配好,尤其灌浆乳熟期气象条件偏好,对产量形成和成熟收获有利,2019—2020年湖北省小麦属农业气候正常年景。

According to the meteorological observation data of 76 counties in Hubei province,the climate characteristics of light,temperature and water in the growing season of wheat in Hubei province from 2019 to 2020 were analyzed.Combined with the physiological requirements of meteorological conditions during crop development period,the impact of climatic conditions on crop growth and development in 2019—2020 were evaluated by comparing with the meteorological conditions of 2018—2019 and the same period in history.The results showed as below,the light and temperature conditions were nice in most of the wheat producing areas,but the quantity of heat and water content were too more in winter,which lead to the advanced growth period and the serious occurrence of stripe rust disease.In the late stage,the light,heat and water matched well,and the condition was favorable for yield formation and harvest.So it was a regular agricultural climate year to Hubei’s wheat in 2019—2020.