“全球英国”:英国政府、反对党、智库和媒体的话语分析

“Global Britain”: An Analysis of the Discourses of the UK Government, Opposition Parties, Think Tanks and Media

本文从话语分析的角度出发,对比考察英国官方话语、反对党话语、智库话语以及媒体话语中的"全球英国",以反映英国国内主要政治行为体对于官方打造的全球性行为体身份产生的不同反馈。英国政府官方话语建构的"全球英国"是一个具有积极开放理念和行动状态的全球性行为体、基于规则的国际秩序的守卫者、自由贸易的倡导者、民主和人权价值观的捍卫者,并且拥有丰富的外交、防务、软实力资源践行这些身份。反对党(工党)话语建构的"全球英国"则是全球冲突的解决者、人权斗士,能够综合运用外交、防务和发展手段践行上述身份。智库话语建构的"全球英国"是全球自由贸易和自由价值观的综合推动者、全球发展领导者、全球性战略设计者和政府改革者,并且能运用相应的防务、外交、发展、软实力资源实现这些身份。媒体话语建构的"全球英国"更像是政府自相矛盾的虚假宣传口号和不切实际的幻想,并且缺乏资源实力进行实践。

This article seeks to compare the different connotations of‘Global Britain’constructed respectively by the UK government,opposition parties,think thanks and media.With the help of discourse analysis,this article shows that the UK government tends to construct‘Global Britain’as an active global player,a promoter of human rights,a defender of the rules-based international order,and a champion for global free trade,who possesses sufficient resources that enable it to play such a global role.The opposition parities tend to construct‘Global Britain’as a global conflict resolutioner and human rights fighter.The think tanks tend to construct‘Global Britain’as a champion for democratic and human rights values,a global development leader,a strategy deviser,and a government reformer that can restructure the government to coordinate different agencies in realizing this grand objective.The media tend to construct‘Global Britain’as an empty slogan and an unrealistic fantasy that is impossible to materialize.