关于欧盟外国直接投资可持续发展影响评估及其法律解释效力问题

On Sustainable Impact Assessment and its Legal Effectiveness as interpretive Aid of EU Foreign Direct Investment

《里斯本条约》生效以来,可持续发展影响评估成为欧盟外国直接投资的重要辅助工具。但是,不论在欧盟法层面还是在国际法层面,欧盟外国直接投资可持续发展影响评估具有法律效力的不确定性。欧盟权能的专属性和法律人格的独立性赋予了欧盟外国直接投资可持续发展影响评估的合法性;然而,欧盟外国直接投资可持续发展影响评估功能的辅助性导致其效力的不确定性。因此,当国际争端发生时,欧盟可持续发展影响评估报告和欧委会评议仅适用于国际仲裁争端解决程序的条约解释补充材料之例外。文章认为,若要发挥可持续发展影响评估的功能,需要将欧盟可持续发展影响纳入外国直接投资协议来保障欧盟可持续发展的法律效力。

Sustainable Impact Assessment(SIA) as inputs in EU international investment has been performed as a supplementary means for decision-maker of EU Foreign Directs Investment(FDI), since Treaty of Lisbon came into force in 2009. Although EU SIA for investment Agreement plays a part in FDI covering sufficient detail on key issue, SIA features legal uncertainty within both international and EU framework without a clear legal mandate to commence it. SIA legitimacy of EU is based upon its independent legal personality and FDI exclusive competence,while the SIA legal uncertainty lead to the recommendations from it are applied depending upon negotiating teams. Therefore, SIA report and EU relevant position paper are applied as supporting evidence along with other material exceptionally only when there’s no other clarificatory information offered in support of interpreting the treaty itself. This article suggests that SIA should be accepted as part of EU FDI Treaties,so as to have legal effectiveness of Sustainable Impact Assessment ensured.