不法侵害“紧迫性”的实证考察

Empirical Study on the Urgency of Unlawful Infringement

"紧迫性"是作为正当防卫前提的不法侵害判断的量化要素,通过"紧迫性"限缩不法侵害的范围是现代法保护理论发展的必然。不法侵害"紧迫性"的判断基础是尚未发生现实危害结果的危险行为(预备或者实行行为),判断标准应是动态与静态的结合,不法侵害行为的危险性及严重性、被侵害人权利保护的可能性(外在的法益保护可能性)等属于静态判断标准,而防卫限度则是动态的制约因素。

The urgency is quantitative factor for judgment of justifiable Defense in unlawful infringement.Restricting scope of unlawful infringement by urgency becomes inevitability for modern law protection theory.The basis of the urgency judgment in unlawful infringement is dangerous act that don’t produce realistic harm results.Dangerous act can be preliminary act or perpetrating act.The standard of judgment is including static standard and dynamic standard.Static standard is including dangerous and seriousness of unlawful infringement and possibility of protection of victims’rights.Dynamic standard is limit of defense.