期刊文献+

美国联邦量刑过程中无罪开释行为的适用之惑及其应对策略

The Puzzling Persistence of Acquitted Conduct in Federal Sentencing,and What Can Be Done about It
原文传递
导出
摘要 联邦量刑程序是美国刑事司法程序的重要组成部分。其中,法官适用被告人经陪审团裁定无罪的行为加重量刑的惯例饱受违宪质疑。本文通过分析经典判例,立足政策性评估,从前量刑指南时期、强制性量刑指南时期和参考性量刑指南时期分别考察了无罪开释行为的适用性争议。该实践惯例不仅阻碍陪审团行使职权、危害裁决终效性,还折损公民庭审参与权和民主合法性,造成公众对刑事司法体制失去信心。应从立法完善、宪法解释、行政干预、法官自控等途径着手,寻求逐步限制直至消除适用无罪开释行为的有效途径,推进"以事实为驱动、以犯罪为导向"的量刑改革的顺利进行。 The federal sentencing procedure is a significant part of criminal justice process in the United States.Nevertheless,the judicial practice of using acquitted conduct confirmed by the jury to enhanced a criminal offender’s sentence has been criticized unconstitutional.This article analyzes the classical judicial precedents,based on the policy evaluation,investigates the controversy of acquitted conduct applicability according to the pre-Guidelines era,the binding Guidelines era,and the current advisory Guidelines era.Acquitted conduct not only undermines the jury’s role in determining a defendant’s eligibility for punishment,undercuts verdict finality,but also violates citizen participation in the criminal trial process,destroys the democratic legitimacy of the criminal justice system,rises diminished public confidence in the criminal justice system.In order to promote the federal sentencing reform aimed at factdriven and offense-oriented,the courts,the Commission,the Congress,the Department of Justice and the sentencing judges,should seeking legislative revision,constitutional interpretation,administrative intervention and judge control respectively to gradual limit until the eventually elimination of the acquitted conduct.
作者 崔仕绣(译) Barry L.Johnson;Cui Shixiu
出处 《刑法论丛》 CSSCI 2018年第4期482-525,共44页 Criminal Law Review
基金 教育部国家留学基金委2017年国家建设高水平大学公派项目《中美量刑规范化比较研究》(留金发[2017]3109)阶段性成果 中南财经政法大学2017年博士创新教育课题《中美量刑制度与量刑改革比较研究》(2017BX05)阶段性成果.
关键词 联邦量刑 量刑改革 无罪开释行为 酌处权 康复矫治 Federal sentencing Sentencing Reform Acquitted conduct Judicial discretion Rehabilitation
  • 相关文献

相关作者

内容加载中请稍等...

相关机构

内容加载中请稍等...

相关主题

内容加载中请稍等...

浏览历史

内容加载中请稍等...
;
使用帮助 返回顶部