监察机关适用违法所得没收程序案件范围研究

监察法的实施明确了我国对于反腐工作的坚定决心,而违法所得没收程序作为我国刑事诉讼特别程序之一,正是一项重要的反腐追赃利器。然而,监察法与刑事诉讼法之间的错位使得监察机关适用违法所得没收程序的范围存在争议。为明确监察机关适用违法所得没收程序案件范围,一方面回归监察机关自身职能范围,结合违法所得没收程序的法理基础,确定对监察法第48条职务犯罪范围作“等外解释”;另一方面承认违法所得没收程序在限制诉讼参与人诉讼权利上的天然缺陷,强调监察机关在适用违法所得没收程序时应当限制适用案件的范围,注重犯罪行为的侵财性和贪利性,并选取关联紧密度高的案件加以适用。

The implementation of the Supervision Law has confirmed China's determination to fight corruption,and the confiscation procedure targeting illegal gains,as one of the special procedures in China's criminal proceedings,is an essential tool for anti-corruption and recovery of illegally appropriated assets.However,the mismatch between the Supervision Law and the Criminal Procedure Law has led to controversy over the scope of the application of asset recovery confiscation procedures by supervisory authorities.To clarify the scope of cases where supervisory authorities apply the confiscation procedures targeting illegally appropriated assets,it is proposed to,on the one hand,return to the functional scope of supervisory authorities,aligning with the legal basis of the confiscation procedures for illegally gained assets,and interpret Article 48 of the Supervision Law as an“inexhaustive interpretation”regarding the scope of duty-related crimes.On the other hand,recognizing the inherent limitations of the confiscation procedures on restricting the litigation rights of participants,it emphasizes that supervisory authorities,when applying the confiscation procedures for illegally gained assets,should limit the scope of applicable cases,focusing on the embezzlement and profiteering nature of criminal activities and applying the procedures to cases with high relevance.