应急科普服务的制度优势向应急效能的转变——基于国家级科普示范社区的扎根研究

The Transformation of the System Advantage of Emergency Public Service to Emergency Efficiency:A Study on Rooting Based on a Typical Community in Chengdu of Sichuan

应急服务是国家应急管理能力和应急管理水平现代化的重要内容,既有研究对此探讨不够,更缺乏对应急实践新品相的逻辑概括和理论提炼。本文采用扎根理论方法,探究景苑社区应急服务的效果及影响因素,构建“需求驱动—政府供给—多元协同”的全过程分析框架,解密中国应急服务的制度优势转化为应急效能的“密码”。研究发现,案例社区“以人民为中心”理念,发挥“党建”红色引擎作用,打通了应急服务的“最后一公里”,增强了居民的参与感、幸福感和安全感,形塑出“集体合供”的应急服务新模式。进一步的证据表明,居民诉求是塑造社区应急服务的前驱条件;党的引领、政府注意力和多重压力源成为政府供给因素;另外,社会组织、高校、驻区单位、关键少数和社区等构成的多元协作网络也是应急服务效能取得的关键变量。研究不仅拓展了“合供理论”在公共危机管理领域的运用,亦可通过解读“中国之治”提炼出“中国之制”,为相关部门提供决策参考。

Emergency service is an important part of the modernization of national emergency management capacity and emergency management level.The existing research has not fully explored the issue,and it is also lack of timely logical generalization and theoretical refinement of new emergency practice.This paper adopts the grounded theory method to explore the effect and influencing factors of Jingyuan community emergency service,to build the whole process analysis framework of“demand driven-government supply-diversified coordination”,and to decrypt the“password”of Chinas emergency service system advantages into emergency effectiveness.The study finds that the concept of“people centered”in the case community play the role of“Party building”as a red engine,open up the“last mile”of emergency services,enhance residentssense of participation,happiness and security,and form a new emergency service model of“collective Coproduction”.Further evidence shows that residentsdemands are the precursor conditions for shaping community emergency services,and the leadership of the Party,the attention of the government and multiple sources of pressure have become the government supply factors.In addition,the multiple collaborative networks composed of social organizations,universities,units stationed in the district,key minorities and communities are also the key variables for achieving emergency service effectiveness.The research not only expands the application of the“coproduction theory”in the field of public crisis management,but also refines the“Chinese system”by interpreting the“governance of China”,providing decision-making reference for relevant departments.