基于气象的特大城市运行风险治理多层次联动响应体系研究——以上海市徐汇区为例

Research on Multi-level Linkage Response System for Operational Risk Management of Megacities Based on Meteorology:Taking Xuhui District of Shanghai as an Example

特大城市人口规模和空间资源趋于饱和,城市运行的风险显著增加并有可能进一步放大,因此气象灾害引发的特大城市运行风险治理已成为当下风险治理研究的重点之一。气象灾害的"常态性"和影响的"复杂性"意味着多层次的联动响应是其治理的关键环节。上海市气象部门与徐汇区网格中心联合开发"基于气象条件的城市运行风险预警系统",利用大数据的整合共享功能,将垂直专业性气象部门与属地政府进行有效衔接,实现条块组织之间有效的联动响应,构建涉及不同响应主体、响应层级和响应职责的基于气象的特大城市运行风险治理的多层次联动响应体系,为提高气象灾害引发的特大城市运行风险治理能力提供有益借鉴。

The population size and space resources of megacities tend to be saturated,and the risk of urban operations are significantly increased and may be further amplified.Therefore,the management of megacities caused by meteorological disasters has been one of the focuses of current risk management research.The"normality"of meteorological disasters and the"complexity"of impacts means that multi-level linkage response is a key link in its governance.The Shanghai Meteorological Department and the Xuhui District Grid Center jointly developed a"Early Warning System for Urban Operation Risks which based on Meteorological Conditions",using the integration and sharing function of big data,to effectively link vertical professional meteorological departments with the territorial government to achieve a linkage response between different cities and the construction,building a Multi-level linkage response system of urban operational risk governance based on meteorology,which involves different response subjects,levels and responsibilities,providing a useful reference for improving the ability of megacity operation risk management caused by meteorological disasters.