Preparation and antiviral effects of polysaccharides from Panax japonicus

竹节参多糖的制备及其抗病毒作用研究

Water-soluble polysaccharides were prepared from Panax japonicus by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation.The polysaccharides were further purified by ion exchange chromatography to obtain neutral and acidic polysaccharides.The neutral polysaccharide fraction mainly contained Glc(90.2%),which was a glucan fraction.The acidic polysaccharide fraction mainly contained GalA(43.6%),Gal(21.7%),and Ara(15.4%),with a degree of methyl-esterification of 20.3%,which was a pectic polysaccharide.The acidic polysaccharide of Panax japonicus could effectively inhibit the replication of human seasonal influenza virus H1N1 and canine influenza virus H3N2 in MDCK cells and A549 cells and significantly reduce the virus titer in infected cells.It also effectively inhibited the number of infected cells of the SARS-CoV-2 South Africa strain and the Omicron strain.The acid polysaccharide of Panax japonicus showed good efficacy against influenza virus and COVID-19 infection,which could be used as a potential antiviral candidate drug molecule in the future.

采用热水提取、乙醇沉淀从竹节参中分离得到总多糖,进一步利用离子交换层析对总多糖进行分离纯化,得到中性多糖和酸性多糖2个级分。中性多糖级分主要含有Glc(90.2%),为葡聚糖级分;酸性多糖主要含有GalA(43.6%),Gal(21.7%)和Ara(15.4%),甲酯化度为20.3%,为果胶类多糖。竹节参酸性多糖可有效抑制人季节性流感病毒H1N1和犬流感病毒H3N2在MDCK细胞和A549细胞中的复制,显著降低感染细胞中的病毒滴度,并能有效抑制新冠病毒南非株和奥密克戎株感染细胞的数量。这些结果表明竹节参酸性多糖对流感病毒及新冠病毒均有良好的抑制作用,是一种潜在的抗病毒候选药物分子。