从兑盆铭文论淮夷称名及伯侯兼称等问题

On Huai Yi Naming and Related Issues in Dui Basin Inscriptions

山西翼城大河口墓地所出兑盆,铭文中的“淮南夷”与“南夷”“南淮夷”“淮夷”等其他称谓皆是周人对淮水流域夷族的称谓,因单用“淮夷”不能准确地表述其区域范围,故而出现了多种称名。西周早期只见东夷,未有淮夷,原因也许不是淮夷是东夷的组成部分,而是当时淮夷的势力相对弱小所致。盆铭中的应伯当为邦君应候。因侯为政治身份,伯为血缘排行,即使建宗有国,封侯保疆后,侯、伯仍可兼称。应伯非M95的主人应侯敔,而是其后辈。十月敔簋所记为周厉王时事,那么盆铭“唯王二祀”所言或指宣王二年。

Dui basin was found in Dahekou Cemetery,Yicheng City,Shanxi Province.In the inscriptions,Huainan Yi and Nan Yi and Nan Huai Yi are the names for the Yi ethnic group in the Huai River by Zhou people.Huai Yi alone cannot accurately express its regional scope,so there are many kinds of naming.In the early Western Zhou Dynasty,there was only Dong Yi,but no Huai Yi,perhaps not because Huai Yi was a part of Dong Yi,but because Huai Yi was relatively weak at that time.Yingbo is the leader of Ying state.Hou is political status.Bo is blood ranking.So both titles can be used together.The time in the inscription is the second year of King Xuan.