“人史”抑或“文史”——论中国翻译史研究的社会学视角

History of Humans or History of Texts——Chinese Translation History from a Sociological Perspective

翻译史在很长一段时间里被翻译研究学者所忽视。近二十年来,随着翻译研究的发展,翻译史的研究与撰写日渐为人重视。本文首先剖析了当前翻译史研究的现状与问题,并就其中的突出问题提出了方法论层面的建议,即吸收社会学领域的相应理论和史学观念,再结合实例给出具体的可行性步骤,最后得出先人后文、以人为本的翻译史治史理念,将翻译史的微观与宏观进行动态、有机地融会贯通。

Translation history has not been given due weight in Translation Studies and is still relatively weak in research methodology.This paper explores the status of and problems in Chinese translation history research and points out that methodologies in this field are insufficient.Drawing on relevant sociological theories and concepts,it proposes guidelines and methods for translation history research.A case has been made by applying the given principles and methods in the discussion of the steps concerning the creation of the translation history.It is concluded that structuralist modelling should be avoided,and actors,especially human beings,should be highlighted so as to present a panorama of Chinese translation history in a certain period or place vividly and dynamically.