福楼拜在中国的百年译介

Centennial Translation and Introduction of Flaubert in China

从清末民初至今,福楼拜在中国的译介已有百余年历史。受文化语境的影响,对其作品的译介呈现出鲜明的阶段性特征:五四时期,在以茅盾为代表的一批新文学作家倡导法国写实主义思潮的背景下,福楼拜小说译介在20世纪二三十年代进入了黄金时期;从新中国成立到"文革"结束,对他的译介在起起伏伏中缓慢前行;新时期以来,他的作品得到了大规模的复译或重印。在福楼拜小说的译场中,李健吾等杰出译者以极高的翻译素养和功底为福楼拜在中国的传播做出重要贡献。他不仅是翻译福楼拜小说最多的译者,也是一位作家、批评家,他的批评实践彰显出对福楼拜艺术观念的传承和借鉴。福楼拜小说在中国的百年出版历程既是我国外国文学译介与出版历史的缩影,也从某种意义上证明了经典文学作品跨越时空的艺术生命力之所在。

From the late Qing Dynasty to the present,the translation and spread of Flaubert’s works in China has a history of more than 100 years,which can be divided into a few phases.In the late 1910 s,a group of Chinese new literary writers—represented by Mao Dun—advocated French realism,and against this background,the translation and introduction of Flaubert’s novels entered the golden age in the 1920 s and 1930 s.From the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the end of the"Cultural Revolution",the translation activities of Flaubert’s works underwent ups and downs.Since 1979,Flaubert’s works have been extensively retranslated or reprinted in China.Among his Chinese translators,Li Jianwu has made great contributions to the dissemination of Flaubert’s works in China with his high translation skills;he has translated most Flaubert’s novels and also written reviews on them.His critical practice shows the acceptance of Flaubert’s artistic concepts.The translation and spread of Flaubert’s works in China can be taken as a microcosm of the history of foreign literature translation and publication in this country.It also shows the transcending value of classic literary works.