宪法国民健康条款的规范阐释

Normative Interpretation of National Health Provisions of Constitution

国民健康是国家治理能力现代化的重要指标,国家对国民健康领域的干预也日益深化,确立“依宪治理”的健康治理理念尤为重要。经过长期的宪法变迁,健康权利在宪法上逐渐获得确认和保障,健康保障模式和制度体系也趋于完善。现行宪法中的国民健康条款构成健康依宪治理的根本规范,包括国民健康的总领性条款、预防性条款、服务保障性条款以及健康推进的组织性条款。这一规范体系主要通过指明健康立法的方向与重点、确立健康政策的原则与目标、推动宪法与部门法的协同实施、明确健康保障的责任主体,发挥规范效力。伴随着“健康中国”战略的推进,需要构建宪法国民健康规范的多维实施路径,发挥其对健康治理的规范与制度功能。

National health is an important indicator of the modernization of a country’s governance capacity.China’s intervention in the field of national health is also deepening day by day,so it is particularly important to establish the concept of"Rule of Constitution"for health governance.After long-term constitutional changes,the right to health has been gradually recognized and guaranteed in the constitution,and the health security model and system have also tended to be improved.The National health clauses in the current constitution constitute the fundamental norms of constitutional governance for health governance,including general clauses,preventive clauses,service guarantee clauses and organizational clauses of health promotion.This normative system exerts its normative effect mainly by pointing out the direction and focus of health legislation,establishing the principles and objectives of health policy,promoting the coordinated implementation of the Constitution and departmental laws,and clarifying the responsible subjects of health security.With the promotion of the"Healthy China"strategy,it is necessary to build a multi-dimensional implementation path of constitutional national health regulations and give play to their normative and institutional functions in health governance.