论应急行政组织的效能原则

The Principle of Effectiveness of Emergency Response Administrative Organization

应对突发公共事件的行政组织效能关系到行政任务履行质量,是组织法治之外另一重不可放弃的价值追求。然而,应急行政组织效能和依法行政原则在宪法秩序下容易发生抵牾。宪法确立了应急行政组织效能的规范基础,国家保护义务、基本权利对组织规范的放射效应及通过组织规范进行的基本权利保护为应急行政组织效能形塑了宪法面向的解释框架。应急行政组织效能的提升须在组织法治框架内进行,应符合法律优位、法律保留和法的安定性等原则。突发公共事件的特殊性决定了应急行政组织法的适度韧性。在坚持应急行政一体性的前提下应充分发挥行政单位关系化协调机制的潜能,汲引直接介入权、职务协助、紧急管辖权等媒介,着力实现应急行政组织效能的提升。

The effectiveness of the agencies in dealing with public emergencies is the key to the performance of public tasks in the area of emergency administration.However,the organizational effectiveness of emergency administration and the rule of law are easily contradicted under the order of constitutionalism.The constitution establishes the normative basis of the organizational effectiveness of emergency administration.The state’s obligation of protection,the radiative effect of fundamental rights on the organizational effectiveness and the protection of fundamental rights through the organizational norms form the interpretation framework of the constitution.The improvement of organizational effectiveness of public emergency response should be carried out within the framework of rule of law,which must meet the basic requirements of law priority,law reservation and law stability.The characteristic of public emergencies determines the appropriate and flexible design of the emergency administrative organisation law.We should adhere to the unity of emergency administration,give full play to the potential of existing administrative unitrelationship coordination mechanism,and introduce new means,such as the right of direct intervention of higher agencies,administrative assistance and emergency jurisdiction,so as to improve the effectiveness of emergency administrative organization.