刷脸:身份制度、个人信息与法律规制

Shua Lian:Identity System,Personal Information and Regulation

人脸识别(俗称"刷脸")技术已经在越来越多的场景下得到应用,既涉及公共服务场所和设施,也涉及私人服务行为。有必要超越对刷脸行为本身就事论事的讨论,而是深入刷脸嵌套和应用的具体场景,为未来其他生物信息的应用提供问题意识和理论框架。首先,刷脸是一种身份法律制度,起到身份认证功能,能够开启一个通向赛博空间的账户,从而延续了人脸作为通用标识符的社会功能。其次,刷脸意味着认证权力过程从分布式转向集中化,认证信息与载体的分离。再次,需要关注刷脸可能的风险,特别是背后的个人信息的自动化整合,以及可能的使用方式与歧视、异化的问题。最后,网格和网络作为治理之理想类型的二分,为理解刷脸提供了有益的视角,同时也是场景理论的一个具体应用和延伸。

Facial Recognition("shua lian")technology has been used in more and more contexts,both public facilities and private services.It’s necessary to go beyond the simple facial recognition issue itself and go deeply into the concrete context in which this technology embedded and applied,so as to provide research question and theoretical framework for other bio-information in the future.Firstly,facial recognition is a kind of identity system that has the function of identity authentication,and is able to open an account directly to cyberspace.This function extends the social function of human face as general identifier.Secondly,facial recognition means the evolution for power of authentication from decentralized to centralized model,separation of information and media.Thirdly,we have to pay attention to its potential risks,especially the automatic integration of personal information and possible discrimination.Finally,grid/network framework provides helpful perspective to observe facial recognition,and extends the application of context theory.