金融稳定法的制度逻辑与规则优化

Institutional Logic of Financial Stability Law and Its Rule Optimization

金融机构、金融风险的特殊性,决定了金融监管机构对于出现危机的金融机构,不能像对待普通企业那样,任由其淘汰出局,而应有一系列特殊法律制度安排。这些特殊安排主要体现在《金融稳定法》(草案)中。《金融稳定法》(草案)的重要立法目的是建立科学有效的金融风险防范、化解、处置机制。建议《金融稳定法》(草案)进一步提高立法的科学性和透明度;建立最低限度的程序正义;抓大放小,关注系统性金融风险和系统重要性金融机构;扩大存款保险管理机构职能,明确存款保险机构是风险处置机构之一;引入控制人责任,以增强金融公司治理的独立性;进一步落实追赃挽损的主体责任。

The particularity of financial institutions and financial risks determines that finan⁃cial regulatory agencies should not allow financial institutions in crisis to be eliminated as ordinary enterprises,but should have a series of special legal system arrangements.These special arrange⁃ments are mainly reflected in the Financial Stability Act(Draft).The important legislative pur⁃pose of the Financial Stability Law(Draft)is to establish a scientific and effective mechanism for preventing,resolving,and disposing of financial risks.It is suggested that the Financial Stability Act(Draft)should further improve the scientificity and transparency of legislation,establish min⁃imum procedural justice,pay attention to systemic financial risks and systemically important fi⁃nancial institutions by focusing on the big and letting go of the small,expand the functions of de⁃posit insurance management institution and clarify that deposit insurance institution is one of the risk resolution institutions,introduce controller’s liability to enhance the independence of finan⁃cial company governance;Further implement the main liability of recovering stolen goods and damages.