认罪认罚从宽案件中有效法律帮助问题研究

On Issue of Effective Legal Assistance for the Accused in Cases of Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishment

被追诉人获得有效法律帮助权是认罪认罚从宽制度正当性的基础。国际社会将该项权利作为最低限度的刑事司法准则。我国刑事司法实践中,值班律师既不会见也不阅卷更不参与协商的问题比较突出,法律帮助的无效化使新引入的值班律师制度沦为形式。被追诉人获得有效法律帮助,需要公安司法机关予以保障。对未能切实履行保障义务导致被追诉人未获得有效法律帮助的,公权力机关和值班律师应当承担不利的后果。目前,当务之急是值班律师在签署具结书前应当会见、阅卷和提出意见或进行协商,这是提供有效法律帮助的前提。

The right of the accused to obtain effective legal assistance is the basis of the legitimacy of the lenient system of pleading guilty and accepting punishment.The international community regards this right as a minimum standard of criminal justice.In the criminal justice practice of our country,the problem that duty lawyers neither meet nor read papers nor participate in consultation is more prominent,and the invalidation of legal aid reduces the newly introduced duty lawyer system to a form.It is necessary for the public security and judicial organs to guarantee the accused to obtain effective legal assistance.If the accused fails to fulfill the obligation of protection effectively and thus fails to receive effective legal assistance,the party shall bear adverse procedural consequences.At present,it is urgent that duty lawyers should meet,read and consult before signing the affidavit,which is the premise of providing effective legal assistance.