数据跨境传输规则的新发展与中国因应

从欧美《隐私盾协议》失效到欧盟委员会新近对欧盟-美国数据隐私框架作出充分性决定,欧美间的数据博弈既反映了欧盟“权利本位”与美国“市场本位”的价值取向之争,又体现了欧盟利用“布鲁塞尔效应”扩大其监管力的基本策略。标准合同条款在数据跨境传输中发挥着重要作用,欧盟也在新一轮数据博弈中对相关规则进行了更新。欧盟关于数据跨境传输规则的调整在给中国企业的数据跨境传输带来消极影响的同时,也为中国数据保护水平的提升提供了新的机遇。在规则变革的浪潮下,中国应当倡导融合性价值取向,对内完善自身的数据跨境传输制度,对外加强数据传输的国际合作,提升中国在国际数据规则制定中的话语权。

From the expiration of the EU-U.S.Privacy Shield Agreement to the European Commission’s new adequacy decision on the EU-U.S.Data Privacy Framework,the data game between Europe and the U.S.reflects the value-based debate between the EU’s“rightsbased”and US“market-based”approaches,and the EU’s basic strategy of using the“Brussels effect”to expand its regulatory power.Standard contract clauses play an important role in cross-border data transfer,and the EU has also updated the relevant rules in the new round of data gaming.The adjustment of the above rules will have a negative impact on the cross-border transfer of data conducted by Chinese companies,but may also provide new opportunities to improve the level of data protection in China.In the wave of rule changes,China should promote the value of integration,improve its own data transfer system internally and strengthen international cooperation in data transfer externally,so as to enhance China’s voice in international data rule-making.