改良低领横弧形小切口对甲状腺腺瘤患者术后康复及并发症的影响

Effect of Modified Low Collar Transverse Arc Small Incision on Postoperative Rehabilitation and Complications of Patients with Thyroid Adenoma

目的探讨改良低领横弧形小切口对甲状腺腺瘤患者术后康复及并发症的影响。方法选取2020年1月—2021年1月本院收治的60例甲状腺腺瘤患者,依据手术方式不同分为试验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。试验组采取改良低领横弧形小切口治疗,对照组采取传统切口治疗。对比两组手术失血量、引流量、术后住院天数、数字疼痛评分量表(NRS)评分、温哥华瘢痕评价表(VSS)评分、并发症发生率。结果试验组手术失血量、引流量均少于对照组,术后住院天数短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,试验组术后6、12、48 h NRS评分均较低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,试验组术后3个月VSS评分较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对甲状腺腺瘤患者给予改良低领横弧形小切口治疗可减少术中失血量、术后引流量,显著减轻患者疼痛,降低并发症发生率,加快患者术后康复速度,缩短其住院天数,且可保持切口美观,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of modified low collar transverse arc small incision on postoperative rehabilitation and complications in patients with thyroid adenoma.Methods From January 2020 to January 2021,60 patients with thyroid adenoma admitted to the hospital were selected,and they were divided into an experimental group(n=30)and a control group(n=30)according to different surgical methods.The control group was treated with traditional incision,and the experimental group was treated with modified low collar transverse arc small incision.The blood loss,drainage volume,postoperative hospital stay,numeric rating scale(NRS)score,vancouver scar scale(VSS)score,and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Results The operation blood loss and drainage volume of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,and the postoperative hospital stay was shorter than that of the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);compared with the control group,the NRS scores of the experimental group were lower at 6,12,and 48 h after operation,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05);compared with the control group,the VSS score of the experimental group was higher 3 months after operation,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The modified low collar transverse arc small incision for treatment of thyroid adenoma can reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage,significantly reduce the pain,reduce the incidence of complications,speed up the postoperative rehabilitation,shorten the hospitalization days,and keep the incision aesthetic,which is worthy of clinical application.