超声技术指导腹部核心肌锻炼在产后盆底康复中的临床应用价值

Clinical Application Value of Abdominal Core Muscle Exercise Guided by Ultrasound Technology in Postpartum Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation

目的探讨超声技术指导的腹部核心肌锻炼在产后盆底康复中的临床应用价值。方法选择2018年2月—2021年6月于本院进行产后盆底康复的患者126例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组63例。对照组进行常规锻炼,观察组在超声技术指导下进行腹部核心肌锻炼。干预3个月后,评估两组的康复效果,并比较两组静息时、缩肛时、瓦氏运动时盆隔裂孔前后径、盆隔裂孔周长、盆隔裂孔面积、耻骨直肠肌宽度及盆底肌张力改善情况。结果两组干预前、干预3个月后的耻骨直肠肌宽度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组干预3个月后静息时、缩肛时及瓦氏运动时的盆隔裂孔前后径、盆隔裂孔周长及盆隔裂孔面积均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预3个月后的5级病例占比84.13%,高于对照组的25.40%,0~2级、3~4级病例占比分别为6.35%、9.52%,均低于对照组的36.51%、38.10%,组间差异有统计学意义。结论产后盆底康复中进行超声技术指导的腹部核心肌锻炼,能改善患者盆底肌张力,并能清晰地分析其盆底结构与内部环境,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of abdominal core muscle exercise guided by ultrasound technology in postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation.Methods A total of 126 patients receiving postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation in the hospital from February 2018 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into two groups by random number table method,with 63 patients in each group.The control group underwent routine exercise,and the observation group underwent abdominal core muscle exercise guided by ultrasonic technology.After 3 months of intervention,the rehabilitation effect of the two groups was evaluated,and the improvement of anterior and posterior diameter,circumference,area of pelvic septal hiatus,puborectalis muscle width and pelvic floor muscle tension were compared between the two groups during rest,anal contraction and Wallis movement.Results There were no significant differences in puborectalis muscle width between the two groups before and 3 months after intervention(P>0.05);after 3 months of intervention,the diameter,circumference,and area of pelvic septal hiatus in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at rest,during anal contraction and during Wallis movement,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the proportion of grade 5 cases in the observation group was 84.13%,higher than 25.40%in the control group,and the proportion of grade 0~2 cases and grade 3~4 cases were6.35%and 9.52%,respectively,lower than 36.51%and 38.10%in the control group,the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal core muscle exercise guided by ultrasound technology can improve the patients’pelvic floor muscle tension and clearly analyze the pelvic floor structure and internal environment during postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation,which is worthy of clinical application.