生态视角下采煤废弃地再生设计方法探讨

Exploration on the Method for Regeneration Design of Coal Mining Wasteland from the Ecological Perspective

【目的】中国目前处于经济发展转型期,土地资源紧缺,工业废弃地再利用是盘活存量用地的重要方式,急需寻求切实可行的规划设计指引。【方法】生态文明时代的城市更新必须坚持生态优先的思想,以安徽省宿州市朱仙庄镇采煤塌陷区为例,探讨生态引领下采煤废弃地的再生规划设计方法。以严守生态资源安全底线作为分析的刚性约束条件;综合考虑多种因素,分析区域生态敏感性,划定生态功能分区;根据土地类型和复垦适宜性,合理布局城市功能。【结果】结合安徽省宿州市朱仙庄采煤塌陷区的综合评价结果,提出采用圈层化、组团式发展模式的规划建议;并明确“以湖区为核心向外拓展不同层级、不同开发强度的城市功能分区,根据周边用地情况与发展规划,组团化布局不同城市产业类型,实现差异化发展”的策略。【结论】以生态视角评价采煤塌陷区并优化其再生设计方法,可为协调“三生”空间的优化布局提供参考,使得无效的废弃地转化成有效的城市资产,激活衰退的城市空间,实现城市的高质量发展。

[Objective]China is currently in the transition period of economic development that is featured by the shortage of land resources.To make the best of the existing land,it is important and urgent to reuse abandoned industrial land,and to seek practical guidance on the design and planning of such reuse.[Methods]Urban renewal must adhere to the idea of ecological priority in the era of ecological civilization.Taking the coal mining subsidence area in Zhuxianzhuang Town,Suzhou City,Anhui Province as an example,this research discusses the method for regeneration planning and design of coal mining wasteland under ecological guidance.With strictly adhering to the bottom line of ecological resource security as a rigid constraint for analysis,the research analyzes regional ecological sensitivity and delineates ecological function zones by taking into account multiple eco-factors,and explores how to achieve the reasonable layout of urban functions based on land use type and reclamation suitability.[Result]In combination with the comprehensive evaluation results of the coal mining subsidence area in Zhuxianzhuang Town,Suzhou City,Anhui Province,the research suggests a circle-layered and clustered development model for planning of coal mining subsidence area,and clarifies the strategy of delineating urban functional zones with different development levels and intensities centering around the lake area,and clustering a variety of urban industries together according to the land use status,development and planning of surrounding areas,thus achieving differential development.[Conclusion]Evaluating and optimizing the regeneration design of coal mining subsidence area from the ecological perspective can provide a reference for coordinating the optimal layout of the production space,living space and ecological space,and help transform ineffective wastelands into effective urban assets,revitalize declining urban spaces,and achieve high-quality urban development.