汉语流水句的判定要素与本质属性

The judging elements and essential attribute of Chinese run-on sentences

流水句独具汉语特色,具有重要的研究价值。然而,学界对流水句的判定存在争议,流水句与非流水句之间的划分并不清晰,究其原因在于对流水句的判定要素和本质属性认识不清。本文将流水句的判定归纳为四个要素:“一般不用关联词语”、“句段句式类型多样”、“句段主语时常隐含”和“多个不同主语共现”。这四个要素共同揭示了流水句的本质属性是零散性。在此基础上,本文将流水句重新界定为“流水句是具有零散性的多个句段的组合”。

Run-on sentences are characteristic of the Chinese language,the study of which can be of great significance.However,there are controversies about the judgment of run-on sentences,and the division between run-on sentences and non-run-on sentences is not clear,the reason of which lies in the unclear understanding of the judging elements and essential attribute of run-on sentences.This paper holds that there are four decisive elements that need to be comprehensively taken into account in judging whether or not a sentence is qualified as a run-on one.These four elements are as follows:(1)no explicit connective devices being used;(2)the syntagms being of different types;(3)the subjects being implicit;(4)several different subjects being coexistent,and the essential attribute that can be revealed by these four elements is fragmentary.Based on the above analysis,this paper attempts to redefine the Chinese run-on sentence as“a set of syntagms featured by being fragmentary”.