清末留日政策演进与日语教材出版趋势关系研究

The relationship between the evolution of policies on studying in Japan and the publishing trends of Japanese textbooks in the Late Qing Dynasty

甲午战争结束后,清政府决计以日为师,变革图强。为解决日语人才的结构性短缺,中日政府互议协作,促成了20世纪初罕见其匹的留日热潮。通过研究发现,清末日语教材的出版趋势与当时留日政策的渐进调整不无关系。在留日政策的影响下,清末日语教材的出版部数并未呈现单向性的增减变化,而是先后经历了酝酿期的低产、高潮期的陡增与低潮期的骤减三个阶段。探究清末留日政策演进与日语教材出版趋势的关系,能够打破以往有关清末日语教材本体研究的单一性和局限性,对中国近代日语教育史研究的补阙和重构意深旨远。

After the First Sino-Japanese War,the Qing government decided to follow Japan’s example in launching an overall reform for its prosperity.To address the structural deficiency in people who knew Japanese,the Qing government reached an agreement on cooperation with the Japanese government,which contributed to an unprecedented rush to study in Japan during the early 20 th century.This study shows that the publishing trends of Japanese textbooks in the Late Qing Dynasty are related to the adjustment of the contemporary policies on studying in Japan.The numbers of the publications show neither one-way increase nor decrease,but three distinct stages in which they run low in its infancy,soar in its climax and plunge in its downturn.An investigation into the evolution of policies on studying in Japan and the publishing trends of Japanese textbooks in the Late Qing Dynasty can break through the simplicity and limitations that have characterized the previous studies on Japanese textbooks of this period,which has a far-reaching significance in supplementing and reconstructing the history of Japanese language education in modern China.