论唐宋时期福建地区市镇的建置与时空演变特点

On the Construction and the Characteristics of Time and Space of the Towns in Fujian during the Tang and Song Dynasties and Evolution

市镇在中国古代商品经济发展进程中扮演着重要角色。唐宋时期,福建地区的市镇迅速发展,数量剧增,南宋前中期达到巅峰,并形成一定规模的区域性市场。由唐及宋,福建地区的市镇呈现出分布范围向乡间不断扩大、聚集中心明显形成、地域分布不均衡的趋势。从空间布局的角度来看,该区市镇大致以"交通型"和"生产型"为主。在"交通型"市镇中,以水路、海路交通为主的市镇相较于陆路交通市镇占据主流地位;"生产型"市镇带有明显的地域特点,以地方特产生产型市镇为主。这是受自然地理和社会经济双重因素的影响。

The town plays an important role in the development of commodity economy in ancient China.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,the towns in Fujian developed rapidly and the number increased sharply,reaching its peak in the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty,and forming a certain scale of regional market.From the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty,the towns in Fujian showed a trend of expanding distribution to the countryside,forming the gathering center obviously,and uneven geographical distribution.From the point of view of spatial layout,the towns in this area are mainly traffic type and production type.In the"traffic type"towns,the towns with waterway and sea traffic are in the mainstream position compared with the land transportation towns,and the"production type"towns have obvious regional characteristics,mainly local specialty production towns.This is affected by both natural geography and social-economic factors.