土壤-水稻系统镉迁移富集影响因素研究进展

Research Progress of Factors Affecting Cd Bioaccumulation in Soil-Rice System

重金属镉(Cd)经过土壤-水稻系统富集,通过食物链进入人体,威胁人体健康。Cd在土壤-水稻系统中迁移转化规律越来越受到人们的关注。而土壤和水稻本身的差异及气候环境的不同是影响Cd在土壤-水稻系统中迁移、转化和积累的重要原因。因此在修复稻田Cd污染的土壤和降低稻米Cd含量时,需综合考虑这些因素。文章从外在环境因素和内在因素2个方面综述了土壤主要性质(质地、类型、p H、有机质、水分)、气候环境(温度、光照、雨水)、不同重金属间互作以及水稻类型(常规/杂交稻、籼/粳稻、早/中/晚稻)和不同器官、生育期对水稻吸收和积累Cd的影响,并提出稻米Cd污染防治提供相应的治理措施。其次,对该领域的研究方向进行了展望,为Cd污染稻田实现农业安全生产和Cd污染土壤修复提供理论依据。

Cadmium(Cd)accumulation through soil-rice system could affect human’s health by food-chain.Continuously increasing numbers of researches are being focused on the characteristics of Cd transfer in soil-rice systems.However,the diversity of soil,rice and climatic environment could affect Cd migration and accumulation in soil-rice system.Therefore,paper summarized the impacts and variation of soil property(e.g.soil texture,soil type,pH,organic matter,moisture),climatic environment(e.g.temperature,light,rain),heavy metal interactions,and rice types(e.g.conventional rice/hybrid rice,Indica rice/Japonica rice,high/low accumulation of varieties,early/middle/late rice)and different organs and growth period on Cd migration and accumulation.This paper strongly builds towards a better understanding of the multiple ecological factors underlying variation in Cd migration and accumulation,and could provide theoretical basis for the agricultural production safety and references for Cd pollution remediation in paddy field.