高原山地城市O_(3)和PM _(2.5 )污染时空分布特征

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of O3 and PM2.5 Pollution in Plateau Mountainous Cities

为研究高原山地城市大气污染物时空分布特征,文章利用2018年云南省国控环境空气质量监测数据,对O_(3)和PM_(2.5)污染按照区域性特征进行了分析,结果表明:2018年云南省环境空气质量总体保持良好,总体污染形势呈南高北低型。O_(3)和PM_(2.5)区域性、季节性污染特征明显,春、夏季节是污染天气高发期;O_(3)浓度峰值主要出现在2-5月及8月,全年呈现出“大小双峰”的特征,主要出现区域为滇南的红河、德宏、普洱;PM_(2.5)浓度峰值主要出现时段为2-4月,主要出现区域为滇西南的德宏;云南省各地理区域浓度变化具有较好一致性;研究时段内,滇西南、滇东南以及滇中区域以O_(3)和PM_(2.5)为首要污染物的复合型、区域性污染特征初现。区域性污染特征研究结果表明,2-5月是区域性污染主要出现时间范围,滇南的红河、普洱、德宏等地区是区域性污染的主要地区。

In order to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of air pollutants in plateau mountain cities,this paper analyzed O_(3)and PM_(2.5)pollution by regional characteristics based on the air quality monitoring data of Yunnan province controlled by the state in 2018.The results showed that the environmental air quality of Yunnan province in 2018 was generally good,and the overall pollution situation was high in the south and low in the north.Regional and sea⁃sonal pollution characteristics of O_(3)and PM_(2.5)are obvious.Spring and summer are the most frequent pollution days.The peak of O_(3)concentration mainly occurred from February to May and August,presenting the characteristics of“large and small peaks”throughout the year,mainly occurring in Honghe,Dehong and Pu’er in southern Yunnan.The peak time of PM_(2.5)concentration mainly occurred from February to April,mainly in Dehong of southwest Yunnan.The variation of concentration in different geographical regions of Yunnan province was consistent.During the research period,the composite and regional pollution characteristics with O_(3)and PM_(2.5)as the primary pollutants emerged in southwest,southeast and central Yunnan.The results of the study on regional pollution characteristics show that the main time range of regional pollution is from February to May,and the areas of Honghe,Pu’er and Dehong in southern Yunnan are the main areas of regional pollution.