山口岩水库浮游植物季节演替及影响因子分析

Analysis of the Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton and Its Influencing Factors in Shankouyan Reservoir

文章通过2018-2019年逐月对山口岩水库浮游植物及水体理化指标开展调查,分析了浮游植物群落的季节变化特征及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,调查期间共检出浮游植物6门32属41种,丰度为5.70×10^(5)~9.86×10^(6)cells/L。浮游植物的群落组成为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型,蓝藻门、硅藻门和绿藻门密度占比分别为58.5%、34.1%和4.6%,且有明显的季节变化,冬季及初春,硅藻占优势;春末硅藻优势减弱,从硅藻过渡到以蓝、硅藻为优势种;夏季以蓝藻、绿藻占优势;秋季以蓝藻、绿藻和硅藻占优势。相关性分析表明,蓝藻门的藻细胞密度与水温呈显著的正相关,硅藻与水温和总氮呈显著的负相关,绿藻与总磷和氨氮呈显著正相关,温度是影响山口岩水库藻类密度变化的主要因素,而透明度、pH、溶解氧、铁、锰的变化和浮游植物密度无显著相关。

Through monthly surveys of phytoplankton and physical and chemical indicators of the Shankouyan Reservoir from 2018 to 2019,the seasonal variation characteristics of the phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors were analyzed.The results showed that 41 species of phytoplankton in 32 genera and 6 phyla were detected during the investigation,with abundance ranging from 5.70×10^(5)to 9.86×10^(6)cells/L.The phytoplankton community was composed of green algae-diatom-cyanophyta.The density of cyanophyta,diatoms and green algae accounts for 58.5%,34.1%and 4.6%,respectively,and there were obvious seasonal changes,winter and early spring,Diatoms dominate;in late spring,the dominance of diatoms weakens,transitioning from diatoms to blue and diatoms as the dominant species;cyanobacteria and green algae dominate in summer;cyanobacteria,green algae and diatoms dominate in autumn.Correlation analysis showed that the algae cell density of Cyanophyta was significantly positively correlated with water temperature,diatoms were significantly negatively correlated with water temperature and total nitrogen,and green algae were significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen.Temperature affected Shankouyan Reservoir The main factors of algae density changes,while changes in transparency,pH,dissolved oxygen,iron,and manganese were not significantly related to phytoplankton density.