纳米零价铁去除地下水中重金属研究进展

Research Progress in Removing Heavy Metals from Groundwater by Nano-zero-valent Iron

地下水中重金属污染已经受到广泛关注,可渗透反应墙(PRB)作为原位修复技术已经广泛用于工程实践,纳米零价铁(nZVI)填料作为一种新兴修复材料有广阔的应用前景。文章综述了PRB的种类、nZVI的制备方式,介绍了nZVI的改性方法及效果,包括金属掺杂型、负载型、表面活性剂包裹型、聚电解质包裹型,阐述了nZVI工程化应用需要克服的二次污染、迁移机制不明确、价格高昂等问题。在未来,寻求更加低廉的改性方式以及环境友好的改性材料是要研究解决的重点。

The pollution of heavy metals in groundwater has been widely concerned.As an in-situ remediation technology,permeable reaction wall(PRB)has been used in practice,and nano-zero-valent iron(nZVI)fillers have broad application prospects as a kind of repair materials.The types of PRB and the synthesis of nZVI are reviewed.the modification methods and effects of nZVI are introduced,including metal doping,loading,surfactant coating and polyelectrolyte coating.This paper expounds the problems to be overcome in the practical application of nZVI,including secondary pollution,unclear migration mechanism,high price and so on.In the future,the key problems to be solved are to seek cheaper modification methods and environmentally friendly modified materials.