浙北潮间带沉积物重金属与酶活性关系研究

The Relationships Between Heavy Metals and Enzyme Activities in the Intertidal Sediments Along the Northern Coastal Area of Zhejiang

为了探索酶活性作为重金属污染诊断指标的可行性,该研究根据2018年6月在浙北潮间带的重金属和酶活性调查数据,研究了它们的分布特征及相互关系。结果表明,不同潮间带断面重金属分布存在一定差异;与背景值比较普遍偏高,但基本小于海洋沉积物第一类标准限值(GB 18668-2002)。酶活性与重金属之间的关系表现为:脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性与Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、As之间呈显著正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与Pb之间呈一定程度正相关,脲酶活性与高于0.100 mg/kg的Hg含量之间呈显著负相关,其他相关性均不显著。这表明目前研究区域重金属对酶活性的影响存在激活、抑制、无影响3种情况,用酶活性作为预测潮间带重金属污染的评价指标具有一定的可行性。

In order to explore the feasibility of using enzyme activity as the indicator of heavy metal pollution,the distribution characteristics and relationships between them were studied,according to the survey data in the intertidal zone sediments of northern Zhejiang in June 2018.The content of heavy metals differed from different intertidal section and generally higher than the background value,whereas mostly lower than the first class limit of Marine Sediment Standard(GB 18668-2002).The relationship analysis between enzyme activities and heavy metals show that:there were significantly positive correlation between the activities of dehydrogenase,acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase with the content of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and As(p<0.05),as well as the activity of catalase with the content of Pb(p<0.10),while there was a significantly negative correlation between urease activity wiht the content of Hg when it was higher than 0.100 mg/kg.Based on the above results,there were three situations of the effect of heavy metals on enzyme activity,namely activation,inhibition and no effect.It was somely possible to use enzyme activity as an indicator to predict heavy metal pollution.