权重健康风险的大气资源价值评估技术研究

Study on the Atmospheric Resource Value Assessment Technology When Health Risk Weighed

传统大气资源定价估算忽视了大气价值过度使用区(人口密集区)与大气价值闲置区(无人区)的定价差异,无法通过环境经济手段精准地协调解决环境总量与质量保护的关系。为弥补以上不足,该研究探索了综合权重健康风险因子识别的大气价值定价技术。研究选择西部某典型工业园区的二氧化硫健康损失为研究目标,收集区域内所有相关排放源信息,利用大气排放预测开展污染物空间迭加浓度分析,并对土地使用不同功能区的人群暴露场景、人口数量进行分析。利用传统的健康损失评价方法进行估算,获得总健康损失为5354.3848万元。综合考虑实际土地利用面积、人口数量、接触浓度等因素,引入权重健康评价修正因子§,对传统健康损失计算结果进行修正。研究发现,修正后的健康损失仅为前者的0.16倍。研究提出的健康损失评价修正因子方法,因其更为精确地明确了暴露水平与损害目标,应成为利用环境经济手段以实现大气资源价值和排污分配等核算的优选方法。

The current atmospheric resource pricing neglect the difference between the atmospheric values of the over-used area populated heavily and the idle area air value zones with none inhabitation,which cannot achieve the goal of coordinating the relationship between the total environmental emission amount and the environmental quality by economy adjusting in a precise way.To make up the gap,the objection of this study is to enhance the environmental economic means by introducing health risk factors.A typical industry park in the west provinces was employed,with the health loss(HI)of sulfur dioxide(SO2)targeted.All the information relating to sulfur dioxide emission sources were surveyed,along with the pollutants level superimposed on spatial profiled by the emission prediction technique.The information was analyzed for the scenario exposure documents based on the land-use,as well as the population profiles.First,total health loss is estimated as 53.544 million Yuan by the traditional HI.And then,factors such as land use area,population,and exposure concentration were taken into account comprehensively,and a modified factor§was introduced for the traditionally HI,also the re-calculation for the HI conclusion before.The value of§was found 0.16 times compared to the traditionally HI.A method of modified factor on re-assessing HI is presented here.As it contains the exposure levels and damage targets,it should be the preferred method to atmospheric resource values and emissions allocation in environmental economic field.