解磷微生物及其在土壤污染防治中的应用研究进展

Research Advances in Phosphorus-solubilizing Microorganisms and Their Applications in Soil Pollution Control

解磷微生物通过其自身代谢产物或与其他生物的协同作用,能够将土壤中难溶性磷酸盐转化为可供植物吸收利用的磷,可以从一定程度上缓解磷矿资源匮乏,并在土壤重金属污染、有机污染物污染修复中表现出良好的应用前景。文章综述了解磷微生物的种类、作用机理、影响因素,同时阐述了解磷微生物在减少磷肥使用、修复重金属污染和降解有机污染物的应用研究现状,以期为解磷微生物在农业生产以及土壤面源污染防治中的推广应用提供参考。

Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms(PSMs)can transform insoluble phosphate in soil into phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants through their own metabolites or synergism with other organisms,which can alleviate the shortage of phosphate rock resources to some extent.It has also shown good prospects to use PSMs in the remediation of heavy metal and organic pollutants in soil.In this paper,we reviewed the species,mechanism and influencing factors of PSMs,and the application progresses of PSMs in reducing the use of phosphate fertilizer,remediation of heavy metal pollution and degradation of organic pollutants were also discussed.It is expected to provide reference for the popularization and application of PSMs in agricultural production and soil non-point source pollution control.