微生物重金属耐受性及其机制的研究进展

Research Progress on Microbial Tolerance to Heavy Metals and Its Mechanisms

重金属污染已经成为严重的环境威胁。土壤和水环境中生存着大量高浓度重金属耐受微生物,是重金属污染生物修复的重要资源。微生物通过多种机制实现对重金属的解毒作用,包括吸附作用、外排作用和转化作用等。已经鉴定出多种蛋白和酶参与了微生物细胞对过量重金属胁迫的响应,更多的重金属响应基因及其功能尚不清楚。该文对近年来有关微生物耐受重金属的研究进展进行综述。

Heavy metal pollution has become a serious environmental threat.A large number of high-concentration heavy metal-tolerant microbes harbor in soil and water environments,which are important sources for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.Microbes achieve detoxification of heavy metals through a variety of mechanisms,such as adsorption,efflux,and transformation of heavy metals.Although a variety of proteins and enzymes have been identified to participate in microbial cell response to excessive heavy metal stress,more heavy metal-responsive genes and their functions are still unclear.In this article the recent research progress on microbial tolerance to heavy metals was reviewed.