长江三角洲近3年秋冬季典型霾天气成因研究

Analysis of Typical Haze Weather Process in Autumn and Winter in the Yangtze River Delta in Recent Three Years

针对2016-2018年3年长三角地区冬季的3次典型霾污染过程,利用颗粒物质量浓度资料、地面天气图、地面气象要素观测资料,结合逆温层、混合层资料以及后向轨迹进行分析研究,深入探讨霾的形成及发展机制。结果表明:2016年12月14-21日、2018年1月16-24日、2019年1月11-17日3个霾天气过程期间,长三角地区维持较稳定的地表温度、较高的相对湿度、较小的风速值。期间长三角地区混合层高度的降低压制大气长距离水平输送,且均出现逆温层。2016年12月霾过程主要受来自境外西北地区及国内北部地区的长距离输送气团的影响;2018年1月霾过程主要受国内西北地区以及长三角地区气团的影响;2019年1月霾污染过程主要受来自山东半岛的海洋性气团的影响,较前2次霾过程此次污染程度较小。

The particulate matter concentration monitoring data,surface weather maps,surface meteorological element observation data,combined with temperature inversion layer,mixed layer data and backward trajectory were used to analyze the three typical haze pollution processes in the Yangtze River Delta region during the three years from 2016 to 2018.The formation and development of the haze were further discussed.The results show that during the three haze processes of December14-21,2016,January 16-24,2018,and January 11-17,2019,there remained a relatively stable surface temperature,relatively high humidity and small wind speed in the Yangtze River Delta region.During this period,the decrease of the height of the mixed layer in the Yangtze River Delta region suppressed the long-distance horizontal transport of the atmosphere,and inversion layers appeared in each process.The haze process in December 2016 was mainly affected by long-distance transport of air mass from overseas northwest region and the northern region of China;the haze process in January 2018 was mainly affected by the air mass from the northwest region of China and the Yangtze River Delta region,while the haze process in January2019 was mainly affected by the marine air mass from the Shandong Peninsula.The pollution degree was lighter than the previous two haze processes.