中草药净水与抗菌效果研究

Study on Purification and Antibacterial Effect of Chinese Medical Herbs

以TN、TP去除为标准,选择薄荷、虎杖、水龙、夏枯草、鱼腥草作为候选中草药,文章采用大薸作为阳性对照,对中草药的净水效果进行比较研究,按《水和废水监测分析方法》测量TN、NH3-N、NO2--N、NO3--N、TP、PO43--P等水质指标,对种植后细菌总数进行统计,提取鱼腥草挥发油,鱼腥草和虎杖乙醇提取物对水产常见病原菌进行抑菌效果研究。结果表明鱼腥草、虎杖、水龙、夏枯草、薄荷具有降低TN、TP效果,绝大部分中草药对水体细菌总数具有较好的抑制效果,1∶1鱼腥草挥发油能对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和嗜水气单胞菌有抑菌效果,鱼腥草乙醇提取物能抑制大肠杆菌、嗜水气单胞菌、副溶血弧菌生长,虎杖提取物能抑制无乳链球菌生长。

Comparative study was done on the effect of Chinese herbal medicine on water purification,based on TN,TP removal,with mint(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.),Polygonum cuspidatum,Jussiaea repens,Prunella vulgaris L,Houttuynia cordata Thunb selected as the candidate Chinese medical herbs,together with Pistia stratiotes as a positive control.Concentrations of the main water quality indexes including total nitrogen(TN),ammonium nitrogen(NH3-N),nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N),total phosphorus(TP)and PO43--P were measured according to Methods for Water and Wastewater Monitoring and Analysis.The total number of bacteria has been counted after planting,the extraction of the volatile oil from H.cordata Thunb,and the ethanol extract from H.cordata Thunb,P.cuspidatum were used for antibacterial effect analysis of usual aquatic pathogenic bacteria.The results showed that planting for H.cordata Thunb,P.cuspidatum,P.cocincinus,P.vulgaris L,M.haplocalyx Briq had the removal effects of TN,TP.The vast majority of Chinese medical herbs had good inhibitory effect on the total number of bacteria in the pond water for GIFT tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)cultivation.The content of volatile oil from H.cordata Thunb(volatile oil:distilled water as 1∶1)had antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Aeromonas hydrophila WJ-8.The ethanol extract from H.cordata Thunb can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli,Aeromonas hydrophila WJ-8,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,while the ethanol extract from P.cuspidatum can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus agalactiae LB110808-2.