国家认同视角下喀麦隆中学历史教科书分析

National Identity Perspective:An Analysis on History Textbooks of Secondary Schools in Anglophone Cameroon

非洲大多数国家部族、文化和宗教多元化,殖民史复杂,国家认同建构困难重重。借助历史教科书实施国家认同教育,对培养青年人的爱国情感和民族意识、促进民族国家复兴有重要意义。喀麦隆中学历史教科书在“自我形象”和“国家形象”两方面没有形成良好的国家认同,反而出现了多方竞争和身份感模糊等问题。在“英语区危机”年深日久的情况下,喀麦隆应重视历史教科书的国家认同建构功能;历史教科书的编写应进一步减少前宗主国历史,强调“英语区”和“法语区”同患难、共抗争的历史;促进历史教科书化解喀麦隆长久存在的分裂和排他问题,挖掘历史教科书培养“一个喀麦隆”情感的潜力和功能。

Most African countries are diverse in ethnic groups,cultures,and religions.With a complex colonial history,it is facing more difficulties for African countries to construct national identity.History textbooks play a key role in national identity education,which can help cultivate the patriotic consciousnesss for the young generation.It is of a great significance to promote national rejuvenation.History Textbooks of Secondary Schools in Anglophone Cameroon fail to achieve one national identity between“self image”and“nation image”,which causes multiple competition and a blur of identity.In the context of long existing“Anglophone crisis”,Cameroon government should attach importance to the function of history textbooks on national identity.History textbooks should emphasize the history of Anglophone and Francophone Cameroon fighting against colonizers and pay less attention to the history of former suzerain.History textbooks should be used to solve the issues of seperation and mutual hate and to promote the idea of“one Cameroon”.