采出水处理机理与工艺研究

Study on Mechanism and Process of Produced Water Treatment

采出水是油田采油期间从采出液中脱离的含油污水,水体中含有表面活性剂等助剂,可以改变水体表面张力与石油亲水性,从而实现油水聚集抽采目的。然而,油田采出水中含有大量难降解有机污染物与高浓度离子,如果没有有效处理采出水,将对生态环境造成严重污染破坏,并限制水驱开发效率的进一步提高。因此,为深层次处理油田采出水,文章对采出水的处理机理与主要处理工艺进行研究,为从业人员提供工艺参考。

Produced water is oily sewage separated from the produced liquid during oil production.The water contains surfactants and other additives,which can change the water surface tension and oil hydrophilicity,thus achieving the purpose of oil-water accumulation and extraction.However,oilfield produced water contains a large number of refractory organic pollutants and high concentration ions.If the produced water is not treated effectively,it will cause serious pollution and damage to the ecological environment and limit the further improvement of water flooding development efficiency.Therefore,in order to deeply treat oilfield produced water,this paper studies the treatment mechanism and main treatment processes of produced water,and provides technical reference for practitioners.