与民族国家作战:20世纪中后期以来反政府武装及其政治影响的比较研究

Fighting Against the Nation-States:A Comparative Study of the Anti-government Armed Forces in the World

反政府武装是20世纪中后期出现的非常瞩目的政治现象。其往往在民族国家的边缘地带求生存,是通过武装来进行自我保护或者实施攻击的政治性组织,有别于一般的暴力和恐怖组织。本文将反政府武装置于民族国家建设的进程中来加以理解,从中发现,二战前后爆发的第三世界民族解放运动是反政府武装与民族国家关系发生变化的分水岭。一些反政府武装从反殖民的革命者和民族国家的缔造者,转而与民族国家作战,成为一些国家政权建设的破坏者。本文通过跨国数据比较,从政治稳定性、政治民主化、文武关系和经济增长四个维度集中探讨了反政府武装的政治影响,发现反政府武装在与民族国家的对垒中逐渐被边缘化。

The anti-government armed forces are one of the most important political phenomena in the 20th century.As the consequence of the war,the anti-government armed forces have been remained active in the marginal areas of the national states,protecting themselves through armed forces,sometimes attacking the offices everywhere.However,as a kind of political organization,the anti-government armed forces are different from the mods and the terrorists.The Third World National Liberation Movement was the most important timing.After that,the anti-government armed forces,as the anti-colonial revolutionaries and the founders of the national states,had turned to fight against the national states and became the obstacles of the process of state building.Through transnational data comparison,this paper focuses on the political influence of the anti-government armed forces in the world from four dimensions such as political stability,political democratization,civil-military relations and economic growth.We find that the anti-government armed forces are gradually marginalized in the confrontation with the national states.