制造业国际分工对发展中国家减排政策的双重影响:一个分析框架

随着发展中国家融入国际性的产业分工体系,迅速发展的制造业导致温室气体排放大量增加。理解发展中国家减排政策遇到的挑战,对于进一步认识制造业国际分工的影响有积极作用。本文以经济全球化的"三难困境"为理论基础,通过演绎和案例分析构建关于发展中国家减排政策与国际产业分工关系的分析框架,提出制造业的国际分工、减排责任的国别划分模式,以及全球气候治理有效性三者之间的矛盾是发展中国家面临的"三难困境",同时也有助于维护"共同但有区别的责任和各自能力"原则。通过比较分析,具体探讨了制造业的特点带来的积极影响。结论从国内机制建设、国际合作和减排责任分配的市场规则三个角度提出了建议。

With the integration of developing countries into the global system of industrial distribution,the rapid development of manufacturing industries has been leading to the dramatic increase of greenhouse gas emissions.Understanding the policy challenges that developing countries face has a positive impact on assessing the influence of international distribution of manufacturing industries.Based on the“trilemma”theories of economic globalization,this article uses deductive and case analysis to develop an analytical framework about the relationship between the mitigation policies of developing countries and international industrial distribution.On the one hand,It argues that developing countries face a“trilemma”between the international distribution of manufacturing industries,country-based allocation of mitigation responsibilities,and the effectiveness of global climate governance,which at the same time contributes to maintaining the principle of“common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capacities”.Then a comparative analysis is used to demonstrate the positive impact of the features of manufacturing industries.It concludes with policy suggestions on domestic capacity building,international cooperation and market rule innovation.