韩国中等强国领导力的发展演变及特征

从20世纪90年代开始,韩国逐渐提出并主张自身中等强国身份。后来历任韩国总统力推"中等强国外交",主张塑造韩国国际领导力。金大中、卢武铉先后提出"阳光政策""东北亚均衡者论",试图摆脱韩国在东北亚地区一味依附大国的从属角色,提倡以中等强国身份扮演地区事务协调者。李明博提出"全球韩国"战略构想,朴槿惠强调韩国应该在为世界和平与发展作出贡献方面成为一个负责任的中等强国,韩国的领导力逐渐从地区走向世界。经过一系列努力,韩国中等强国领导力越来越受到国际社会重视。然而复杂的地缘政治环境限制了韩国领导力在东北亚地区的发挥。随着未来中美竞争的激烈以及国际秩序的变化,韩国中等强国领导力会受到诸多限制,其发展走向取决于多重因素。

Since the 1990 s,South Korea has gradually recognized its status as a middle power.Later presidents of South Korea have all proposed and pushed for"middle power" diplomacy in an effort to shape South Korea’s international leadership.Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun have proposed the "Sunshine Policy" and"Balanced Diplomacy in Northeast Asia",trying to get rid of South Korea’s subordinate role depending on big powers in Northeast Asia,and advocated to play the role of "coordinator" of regional affairs as a middle power.Lee Myung-bak proposed the "Global Korea" blueprint,and Park Geun-hye emphasized that "South Korea should become a responsible medium-sized power in contributing to world peace and development." This shows that South Korea’s leadership is gradually moving from the region to the world.After a series of efforts,the leadership of South Korea as a middle power has received increasing attention from the international community.However,the complex geopolitical environment has limited South Korea’s role in Northeast Asia,and many policies are difficult to implement.With the fierce competition between China and the United States and various changes in the international order in the future,the leadership of South Korea as a middle power will face limitations, and its development direction depends on multiple factors.